“Perispinal Etanercept for Traumatic Brain Injury” is Chapter 7 of the medical textbook New Therapeutics for Traumatic Brain Injury. See the abstract and links below:

“Abstract
Brain dysfunction after traumatic brain injury (TBI) may involve a persistent neuroinflammatory response that can last for years following acute brain insult. This neuroinflammatory response may include microglial activation and persistence of excess levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the brain, resulting in perturbation of brain function. TNF, in addition to its role as the master regulator of the inflammatory response, is a key regulator of synaptic function in the brain. Experimental data suggest that etanercept, a selective TNF inhibitor, may ameliorate microglial activation; modulate the adverse synaptic effects of excess TNF; and favorably intervene in basic science models of TBI, stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and Alzheimer’s disease. Perispinal administration is a therapeutic method designed to use the cerebrospinal venous system to enhance selective delivery of etanercept across the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier. Increasing clinical data suggests that perispinal etanercept (PSE) has therapeutic utility for treatment of selected brain disorders associated with elevated TNF, including chronic neurological dysfunction following stroke and various forms of brain injury. PSE is an emerging treatment modality for TBI.”

• Edward Tobinick, Rodriguez-Romanacce H, Kinssies R, Kim N. PSE FOR TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY. Chapter 7 In: Heidenreich KA, editor. New Therapeutics for Traumatic Brain Injury. Cambridge, Mass.: Academic Press; 2017. p. 109-29. LINK. (first published October 2016).